假設有人從較高的地方俯視、觀察人類的話,他就可以看見人類的生活有多不幸:
他們卑微的誕生,歷經艱辛地接受教育,童年時犯了許多錯誤,青年時被迫做各種苛虐的工作,老年時又為疾病與不如意所襲擊,
在一生付諸東流之後,不管多艱辛,多痛苦,只有死路一條。
人類彼此間如何地互相傷害,在此暫且不談。
只要把貧困、牢獄、不名譽、恥辱、拷打、陷阱、密告、侮辱、訴訟、詐欺等等舉出,已多如恆河沙數。
Suppose a man in some lofty high tower, and that he could look round him, as the poets say Jupiter was now and then wont. To how many misfortunes would he find the life of man subject?
How miserable, to say no worse, our birth, how difficult our education; to how many wrongs our childhood exposed, to what pains our youth; how unsupportable our old age,
and grievous our unavoidable death?
As also what troops of diseases beset us, how many casualties hang over our heads, how many troubles invade us, and how little there is that is not steeped in gall?
To say nothing of those evils one man brings upon another, as poverty, imprisonment, infamy, dishonesty, racks, snares, treachery, reproaches, actions, deceits--but I'm got into as endless a work as numbering the sands.
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